Category Archives: Susan Stroman

Razzle dazzle and outrage in Kander and Ebb’s Scottsboro Boys

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The amazing cast of The Scottsboro Boys in flight: (foreground, from left) David Bazemore as Olen Montgomery, Eric Jackson as Clarence Norris, James T. Lane as Ozie Powell and Shavey Brown as Willie Roberson. Below: Clifton Duncan is Haywood Patterson in the Kander and Ebb musical with a book by David Thompson and choreography and direction by Susan Stroman. Photos by Henry DiRocco

The Scottsboro Boys is a musical on crusade. Not for the first time in their storied career, composers John Kander and the late Fred Ebb make some of the worst human traits entertaining all the while championing the underdog and giving splendid voice to those who might be otherwise ignored or forgotten.

The crusade at hand is two-fold: Kander and Ebb, working with book writer David Thompson and choreographer/director Susan Stroman – a copacetic dream team if ever there was one – want to rescue the victims of a particularly ignominious chapter in American history from obscurity. And they want nothing short of exposing the roots of the Civil Rights Movement. They accomplish both goals, and The Scottsboro Boys is as powerful as it is entertaining, and that’s saying a lot on both counts.

The show concludes the season at American Conservatory Theater.

We’ve seen Kander and Ebb working this particular vein before: politics, horror, victimization and good, old razzle-dazzle. We saw it in Cabaret, where singing Nazis made the blood run cold; we saw it in Chicago, where cynicism and celebrity trumped humanity; we saw it in Kiss of the Spider Woman, where revolutionary zeal was squashed but the human spirit is not. This is not to say that Scottsboro is a re-tread in any way. There are echoes of other shows, other songs, but this compact, deeply felt show ratchets up the disturbance factor with its very form.

When the cast assembles for the opening number, “Hey, Hey, Hey, Hey!,” we are treated to an old-fashioned minstrel show. The set by Beowulf Boritt couldn’t be much simpler: three proscenium arches, slightly askew, and 13 chairs are the basic set-up for every scene, with a few moments of flash here and there. The difference with this minstrel show, even though it has a traditional host, or Interlocutor as he’s called (played by Broadway and TV veteran Hal Linden looking just like Col. Sanders), is that instead of white guys in black face, we have 11 African-American men putting on that disconcertingly cheerful display of minstrelsy. There are even the two traditional minstrel clowns: Mr. Tambo (JC Montgomery) and Mr. Bones (Jared Joseph) hamming it up and telling hoary old jokes. Under the sheen of jazz-handy, Al Jolson-y entertainment is something unsettling.

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Perhaps it’s the none-too-subtle woman (the graceful C. Kelly Wright a former staple of the Bay Area theater scene) wandering silently around the stage who turns out to be a whisper from the future about to turn into a scream. Or perhaps it’s the jolly score, almost too jolly. The number “Commencing in Chattanooga” is a dazzling display of Stroman’s choreography as the cast turns those chairs into a train full of hobos circa 1931. But that good cheer quickly turns sour as the black strangers riding that train are accused of fighting with white men and raping two white women. The nine young men, who came to be known as the Scottsboro Boys because Scottsboro, Alabama happened to be where the train was stopped, were imprisoned and, over the course of many years, tried nine times and found guilty every time.

These incessant miscarriages of justice became a cause celebre for Northern agitators, personified by Jewish New York lawyer Samuel Liebowitz (played by Montgomery), who tried – and failed – to get the boys something resembling a fair trial, even after one of the women recanted her accusation.

It’s easy to see why this frustrating, demeaning, infuriating story captured the attention of Kander, Ebb, Stroman and Thompson, but it’s less easy to see why the story needed to be a musical. That’s where the notion of deconstructing the minstrel show – using a racist form of entertainment to tell a story of racism until basic humanity trumps race and storytelling – becomes incredibly potent. Kander and Ebb have a great time playing with minstrel sounds – think “Mammy” meets “Swanee” by way of “All That Jazz” – and the old-timey folk sound of the South (“Southern Days” lulls you then chills you to the bone). They are masters at couching horror in aggressively peppy, in-your-face entertainment. For proof, look no further than the shocking electric chair tap dance in which white prison guards attempt to scare the youngest of the boys, 12-year-old Eugene Williams (Nile Bullock) by electrocuting his pet frog in the electric chair.

If Chicago is a zesty lark with an impeccably choreographed wagging finger, The Scottsboro Boys is a deadly serious attempt (also impeccably choreographed) to make artistic amends for the ruin of nine lives, indeed any life, scarred by racism and/or mob stupidity (that’s a lot of lives). When the excellent Clifton Duncan as Heywood Patterson, the de facto leader of the boys, sings the anthemic “You Can’t Do Me,” all pretense of minstrel show has fallen away (though there remains one big minstrel punch). It’s a plea for human dignity and Heywood’s favorite subject, the truth.

This is challenging theater that often looks and sounds like it should be easy breezy. But this is Kander and Ebb, masters of moving musical theater forward in uncomfortable but ever-delightful ways. It’s a particular and tricky sort of genius, but genius none the less.

[bonus interviews]
Read my interview with John Kander and Susan Stroman for the San Francisco Chronicle here.
Read my interview with David Thompson for Theater Dogs here.

FOR MORE INFORMATION
Kander and Ebb’s The Scottsboro Boys continues through July 22 at American Conservatory Theater, 415 Geary St., San Francisco. Tickets are $20-$95 (subject to change). Call 415-749-22228 or visit www.act-sf.org.

David Thompson on racism, history and making it all sing

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James Taylor at Carnegie Hall
David Thompson is the Tony-nominated book writer of The Scottsboro Boys, one of the final collaborations of the legendary team of John Kander and Fred Ebb. The new musical is part of the American Conservatory Theater season. Below: Hal Linden (center) as the Interlocutor and the cast of The Scottsboro Boys. Photos courtesy of American Conservatory Theater

David Thompson is the first to admit that regardless of the show itself, he would do anything to work with John Kander, Fred Ebb and Susan Stroman, three major theater artists with whom he had collaborated on And the World Goes ‘Round, the 1987 revival of Flora the Red Menace and Steel Pier.

“Working with John, Fred and Stro has been an extraordinary gift and privilege,” Thompson says on the phone from his home in Millburn, N.J. “They come from a kind of theater that really understands the craft of telling a story and telling it well. We begin every work session with ‘what if’ and just throw ideas out there. Working with them, they’ve always found a way to inspire me to do better and bigger work – not in a grand way – their talent is so huge that everybody they work with brings the best possible work they can to the table.”

Around 2000, Kander and Ebb, the legendary duo behind Cabaret and Chicago, gathered Thompson and Stroman to start talking about a new show. They knew they wanted to work on a true story, and then they narrowed it down to the tale of the Scottsboro Boys, nine young African-American men accused of raping two white women in Alabama circa 1931. It wasn’t exactly a story, with its astonishing racism and repeated miscarriage of justice, that you would think about turning into a musical. But that’s where the genius of Kander and Ebb come in.

“John and Fred know that you must entertain your audience and tell an interesting story,” Thompson says. “And then you cannot pull back from the way you’ve decided to tell that story. The minute you soften your approach, you cheapen your approach. You might think you’re making it less difficult, but really you’re making it worse.”

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As the creative team began to piece together what would become the musical The Scottsboro Boys, the creative team latched on to the idea of using the form of a minstrel show to tell the story. “We never looked back,” Thompson says. “That allowed us to take a story extremely rooted in racism and mix in an art form also rooted in racism, then smash them together. When you think about it, you have two seminal American forms: the trial and the minstrel show. What Stro has done as director and choreographer is take this form and tip it on its head.”

As for the notion that this was a story that demanded its characters sing, Thompson says these boys, who ranged in age from 12 to 19, are classic musical characters standing up and saying they matter and they have something to say.

“The sing because they will not be marginalized,” he explains. “If you look at what really happened to them, these boys were out riding the rails looking for work. They got caught up in this story and stumbled into the national spotlight. They did fight to make themselves matter even though they were ultimately forgotten. We were interested in that, in bringing them back and making their voices heard.”

Scottsboro was a huge hit in runs at the Vineyard Theatre off Broadway in New York and at the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis. Then the show went to Broadway, where it ran for only 49 performances and managed to pick up 12 Tony Award nominations without winning a single one. But that wasn’t the end of the story. The show, with the original creative team in tow, minus Fred Ebb, who sadly died in 2004, is making several stops at regional theaters around the country, including San Francisco’s American Conservatory Theater.

Regional audiences, unlike the more commercially minded Broadway audience, have been responding enthusiastically to the show. The reason, Thompson says, is that regional audiences arrive as willing participants. “I don’t think audiences demand as much as they can from the theater they see,” he says. “There’s so much more we as artists should be bringing to an audience, and with this show, I think we’re doing that. Broadway can be an extraordinary place for theater full of extraordinary talent. But it’s not the only place theater can live.”

The whole Scottsboro journey has been a wild one, from the death of Ebb to protestors in front of the Broadway theater (apparently the idea of a minstrel show didn’t sit well with them, even though they hadn’t actually seen the show), but through it all, Thompson says the affection among the creative team and a shared belief in telling this true story kept the project moving forward.

“One of the most rewarding moments in anything I’ve ever done came on closing night in New York,” Thompson recalls. “We had been talking to the cast backstage and were late getting to our seats. The audience was seated, and Stro and I were heading to the back of the theater. But John always likes to watch from the audience, so there he was coming down the aisle, trying to be as discreet as possible. But the audience recognized him and started clapping, then stood up. It was unbelievable. They knew they were watching a legend of the American theater just trying to find his sit. For me, it was a friend and a collaborator being recognized, and moments just don’t get any better.”

[bonus interview]
I talked to John Kander and Susan Stroman for a feature in the San Francisco Chronicle. Read the story here.

FOR MORE INFORMATION
The Scottsboro Boys continues an extended run through July 22 at American Conservatory Theater, 415 Geary St., San Francisco. Tickets are $20-$95 (subject to change). Call 415-749-2228 or visit www.act-sf.org.

Bill Berloni brings out the animal in Broadway

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When Bill Berloni barks, Broadway listens.

Or, to be more accurate, when Berloni’s clients bark. Or meow. Or chirp.

Berloni is the foremost theatrical animal trainer working on the stage today. If you’ve seen an animal on stage in the last 32 years, chances are pretty good Berloni had something to do with it. His very first job was finding a Sandy for Annie, and one of his most recent jobs was providing a bulldog and a Chihuahua for Legally Blonde the Musical, which started life last year at San Francisco’s Golden Gate Theatre before heading to New York.

Berloni has been in the news lately because he has written about his work with animal actors in Broadway Tails: Heartfelt Stories of Rescued Dogs Who Became Showbiz Superstars (The Lyons Press, $16.95).

It’s a wonderful book, full of the kinds of backstage stories that theater fans gobble up. And if you like animals AND theater, there simply is no better book for you.

It’s clear from page one that Berloni is a compassionate, gentle man, and that impression only solidifies as he details his work on the Richard Burton revival of Camelot, Alice in Wonderland, Cameron Mackintosh’s Oliver, Madison Square Garden’s The Wizard of Oz, a Susan Stroman dance for the New York City Ballet and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang to name just a few.

During a recent telephone conversation, Berloni recalled working at the Goodspeed Opera House in the summer of 1976. He was 19 and was on the stage crew. He was promised his Equity card if he would serve as dog trainer for a new show: a musical based on the comic strip “Little Orphan Annie.”

“The operative word then was `cheap.’ There was no money,” Berloni says. “Instead of borrowing or renting a dog, someone said they have cheap dogs at the pound. I had never been at a shelter, and it was utterly depressing. I saw all these creatures in the cages, and they all needed to be profoundly loved. I found one dog that matched the look, but he was going to be put to sleep the next day, and I didn’t have the money to adopt him. I went back to the theater, borrowed the $7 and adopted the dog.”

That was the original Sandy, who sat alongside Andrea McArdle as she warbled “Tomorrow” to the rafters. Berloni and the dog bonded in a big way. But the show was a flop, so when it was over, Berloni and his dog Sandy moved to Greenwich Village, and Berloni began studying with Stella Adler.

Then director Mike Nichols called and said Annie was heading to Broadway.

“By the time the show opened out of town at the Kennedy Center, I was a world-famous animal trainer,” Berloni recalls of the job that literally fell into his lap.

From that period on, Berloni has maintained his promise to himself that whenever possible he will find his animal actors in shelters and make sure they have homes when the production ends.

Audiences (and critics) tend to love seeing animals on stage and react in big ways.

“I’ve always wondered why that is exactly,” Berloni says. “Then it occurred to me: it’s like Method acting when you try to bring reality to the stage. An animal on stage is the ultimate reality, and that brings people to the edge of their seats. The dog is not acting – it’s real. Compare that to the actors trying to be real. Animals are the ultimate Method.”

Berloni’s approach to working with an animal actor in a show is not about tricks. He has a wider view than that.

“It’s all about being part of a team,” Berloni says. “The more you work with other artistic members of the team, the more you see it’s the result that matters, not one’s shining star. It’s about what the author and the director want combined with what the animals are capable of doing. My job is not to make Bruiser (the bulldog in Legally Blonde) do tricks. My job is to make Elle Woods look good. The animals are acting in a play, telling a story. I’ve been popular in Broadway work as a collaborator, not someone doing a dog act.”

A huge part of Berloni’s career has involved touring Broadway shows (he’s done umpteen Annie tours and revivals) and regional productions. His animals never fly cargo on planes. Rather, he outfits vans for comfortable road travel, and each animal has an attentive handler (often Berloni and his wife, Dorothy).

He’s currently preparing yet another Annie tour as well as the Legally Blonde tour and one more Wizard of Oz tour.

Beyond his stage work, Berloni is, not surprisingly, an advocate for animal rights. At his Connecticut home, he has 23 dogs, 10 of which are retired actor dogs. He also says 20 percent of the royalties from his book (which is co-written by his brother-in-law, Jim Hanrahan) will support the Sandy Fund, which Berloni’s wife set up through the Humane Society of New York.

As for future projects, Berloni would like to get more involved in the creative side.

“Some of the shows I’ve worked on have been criticized because the animal steals the show and gets the best reviews,” Berloni says. “So why not create a whole show starring a dog? That’s my hope, to create a musical in which an animal plays a full character, not a minor character or a prop. It’s my secret hope we’ll be able to pull that off.”

Visit William Berloni’s Theatrical Animals Web site here.

Here’s Berloni in a TV intervie alongside Chloe and Chico from Legally Blonde:

It’s alive!

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Mel Brooks’ new musical comedy adaptation of Young Frankenstein, based on his and Gene Wilder’s 1974 movie of the same name, opened in its pre-Broadway tryout last week in Seattle.

The two major critics, Misha Barton of the Seattle Times and Joe Adcock of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, had differing views on the show, which stars Roger Bart as Victor Frankenstein (that’s Fronk-en-steen), Andrea Martin as Frau Blecher, Shuler Hensley as the Monster, Sutton Foster as Inga, Megan Mullally as Elizabeth and Christopher Fitzgerald as Igor

Barton called the piece a “supersize, eager-to-please and arguably redundant musical comedy” and says, “The musical is freshest and funniest in the second act, when it stops doggedly aping the film and lets the actors concoct their own comic chemistry.”

Here’s more from Barton:

Brooks has composed some 18 songs for the show, mostly breezy knockoffs with a Gypsy or vaudeville ring and shamelessly silly lyrics (“There is nothing like a brain!”). Most tunes are calling cards (Elizabeth’s “Please Don’t Touch Me”). At least one is superfluous (“Join the Family Business”).

But there are two good vehicles for [director/choreographer Susan] Stroman’s clever choreography: “The Transylvania Mania,” blending 42nd Street hoofing with Fiddler on the Roof folk dancing; and “Puttin’ on the Ritz,” which expands the film’s Monster-Frederick tap duet to the Irving Berlin song into a major extravaganza.

Adcock in the Seattle PI was more enthused about the musical, writing, “Everything about the show is an inspired revitalization of something old or very old or very, very old.” His favorite performer is Martin, who “does a 1920s Berlin cabaret-style number that could have been borrowed from Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht’s Threepenny Opera” and proves “once and for all that true comedy can be made out of the solemn performance style of bygone German divas on the order of Marlene Dietrich or Lotte Lenya.”

Here’s a great peek at both the movie and the show from a Seattle TV station:

Check out the official Web site for Young Frankenstein.